Plasma is well known as the fourth state of matter. Changing of state of matter is related to the energy in that matter. When increasing energy, we come from the solid state via liquid and gas to ions. Then if we increase the density of ions, we get the plasma.
Plasma is high-density electric arc – electrically conductive, high-temperature matter.
Plasma is created from the gas such as argon, nitrogen, oxygen or air in the cutting torch. It is focused and blown away to the material surface. Electric current from the strong power source adds enough energy to ionidize blowing gas to create continuous high-power plasma arc.
Such plasma arc melts the metal very fast and blows the melt away creating the kerf. Plasma cutting is a thermal fusion process.
High number of parameters are needed to be optimized to provide seamless plasma cutting process. The exact distance between the nozzles and the metal surface needs to be set for all process sections such as arc ignition, hole piercing, straight or bevel cutting etc.
